Psycho (1960)

Director:

Alfred Hitchcock

Writers:

Joseph Stefano (screenplay)
Robert Bloch (novel)

Release Date:

25 August 1960 (Brazil)

Genre:

Horror | Thriller

Tagline:

A new- and altogether different- screen excitement!!!

Plot:

A young woman steals $40,000 from her employer's client, and subsequently encounters a young motel proprietor too long under the domination of his mother.

Plot Keywords:

Motel | Shower | Alimony | California | Phoenix Arizona

Awards:

Nominated for 4 Oscars. Another 5 wins & 3 nominations

Cast

Anthony Perkins	...	Norman Bates
Vera Miles	...	Lila Crane
John Gavin	...	Sam Loomis
Martin Balsam	...	Milton Arbogast
John McIntire	...	Deputy Sheriff Al Chambers
Simon Oakland	...	Dr. Fred Richmond
Vaughn Taylor	...	George Lowery
Frank Albertson	...	Tom Cassidy
Lurene Tuttle	...	Mrs. Chambers
Patricia Hitchcock	...	Caroline (as Pat Hitchcock)
John Anderson	...	California Charlie
Mort Mills	...	Highway Patrol Officer
Janet Leigh	...	Marion Crane
rest of cast listed alphabetically:
Fletcher Allen	...	Policeman on Steps (uncredited)
Prudence Beers	...	Extra (uncredited)
Muriel Bradley	...	Extra (uncredited)
Kit Carson	...	Extra (uncredited)
Francis De Sales	...	Deputy District Attorney Alan Deats (uncredited)
George Dockstader	...	Extra (uncredited)
George Eldredge	...	Police Chief James Mitchell (uncredited)
Harper Flaherty	...	Extra (uncredited)
Sam Flint	...	County Sheriff (uncredited)
Margaret Furrer	...	Extra (uncredited)
Virginia Gregg	...	Norma Bates (voice) (uncredited)
Alfred Hitchcock	...	Man Outside Real Estate Office (uncredited)
Paul Jasmin	...	Norma Bates (voice) (uncredited)
Myra Jones	...	Extra (uncredited)
Lee Kass	...	Extra (uncredited)
Frank Killmond	...	Bob Summerfield (uncredited)
Ted Knight	...	Policeman in Hallway Opening Door (uncredited)
Pat McCaffrie	...	Police Guard (uncredited)
Jeanette Nolan	...	Norma Bates (voice) (uncredited)
Lillian O'Malley	...	Extra (uncredited)
Fred Scheiwiller	...	Extra (uncredited)
Chief Tahachee	...	Citizen / Ned Place (uncredited)
Helen Wallace	...	Hardware Store Customer (uncredited)

Directed by
Alfred Hitchcock

Writing credits
Joseph Stefano		(screenplay)
Robert Bloch		(novel)

Produced by
Alfred Hitchcock	....	producer (uncredited)

Original Music by
Bernard Herrmann		(music by)

Cinematography by
John L. Russell		(director of photography)

Film Editing by
George Tomasini

Casting by
Jere Henshaw		(uncredited)

Art Direction by
Robert Clatworthy
Joseph Hurley

Set Decoration by
George Milo

Costume Design by
Rita Riggs		(uncredited)

Makeup Department
Jack Barron	....	makeup supervisor
Florence Bush	....	hair stylist
Robert Dawn	....	makeup supervisor
Larry Germain	....	hair stylist (uncredited)

Production Management
Lew Leary	....	unit manager

Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
Hilton A. Green	....	assistant director
Lester Wm. Berke	....	second assistant director (uncredited)

Art Department
Curtis Baessler	....	assistant props (uncredited)
Saul Bass	....	storyboard artist (uncredited)
Bob Bone	....	props (uncredited)
George Cook	....	assistant prop shop (uncredited)
Dave Lee	....	prop shop (uncredited)
Harold Wolf	....	leadman (uncredited)

Sound Department
William Russell	....	sound recordist
Waldon O. Watson	....	sound recordist
Robert R. Bertrand	....	mike technician (uncredited)
John Ruth	....	cable man (uncredited)
Harold Tucker	....	sound recordist (uncredited)

Special Effects by
Clarence Champagne	....	special effects
Walter Hammond	....	special effects (uncredited)

Camera and Electrical Department
Robert Aldridge	....	grip: Phoenix (uncredited)
Jack Austin	....	grip: Phoenix (uncredited)
Eugene Barragy	....	key grip: Phoenix (uncredited)
Walter Bluemel	....	assistant camera: Phoenix (uncredited)
Robert Burkett	....	camera operator: Phoenix (uncredited)
Norman Cassidy	....	best boy electric (uncredited)
William N. Clark	....	second assistant camera (uncredited)
Eugene Cook	....	still photographer (uncredited)
Bill Craemer	....	still photographer (uncredited)
Alan Davey	....	camera operator (uncredited)
Bobby Greene	....	first assistant camera (uncredited)
Frank Harper	....	key grip (uncredited)
George H. Merhoff	....	gaffer (uncredited)
Saul Selznick	....	second company grip (uncredited)
Jim Sloan	....	first assistant camera (uncredited)
Leonard J. South	....	camera operator (uncredited)
Richard Sutton	....	best boy grip (uncredited)
Tommy Wilson	....	electrician (uncredited)
Rex Wimpy	....	director of photography: Phoenix (uncredited)
Rex Wimpy	....	second camera operator (uncredited)

Costume and Wardrobe Department
Helen Colvig	....	costume supervisor
Theodore R. Parvin	....	wardrobe: men (uncredited)

Other crew
Saul Bass	....	pictorial consultant
Saul Bass	....	title designer
Virginia Boyle	....	stand-in (uncredited)
Everett W. Brown	....	technical advisor (uncredited)
John 'Bud' Cardos	....	bird handler (uncredited)
Frank da Vinci	....	stand-in (uncredited)
Myra Davis	....	body double: Janet Leigh (uncredited)
Anne Dore	....	double: Anthony Perkins (uncredited)
John Drake	....	stand-in: Anthony Perkins (uncredited)
Margo Epper	....	body double: Mother in shower sequence (uncredited)
June Gleason	....	stand-in: Vera Miles (uncredited)
Charles S. Gould	....	location director (uncredited)
Melvin Hilgenfeld	....	technical advisor (uncredited)
William T. Hurtz	....	director: animated titles (uncredited)
Myra Jones	....	stand-in: Janet Leigh (uncredited)
Richard Kindelon	....	stand-in (uncredited)
Harold Lockwood	....	stand-in: Martin Balsam (uncredited)
Paul Mathews	....	stand-in: John Gavin (uncredited)
Jim Merrick	....	unit publicist (uncredited)
Marli Renfro	....	shower scene double: Janet Leigh (uncredited)
Peggy Robertson	....	assistant: Mr. Hitchcock (uncredited)
Marshall Schlom	....	script supervisor (uncredited)
Herb Steinberg	....	publicity director: Paramount (uncredited)
Dolores Stockton	....	secretary: Mr. Hitchcock (uncredited)

Production Companies

• Shamley Productions

Distributors

• Paramount Pictures (1960) (USA) (theatrical)
• Les Films Paramount (1960) (France) (theatrical)
• Paramount Film Service (1960) (UK) (theatrical)
• Paramount (1960) (West Germany) (theatrical)
• Paramount Pictures (1965) (USA) (theatrical) (re-release)
• Universal Pictures (1968) (USA) (theatrical) (re-release)
• MCA Videocassette (1980) (USA) (VHS)
• MCA Home Video (1984) (USA) (VHS)
• MCA/Universal Home Video (1988) (USA) (video) (laserdisc)
• MCA/Universal Home Video (1992) (USA) (VHS)
• Pioneer Entertainment (1997) (USA) (video) (laserdisc)
• Universal Studios Home Video (1997) (USA) (VHS)
• Universal Home Entertainment (1998) (USA) (DVD)
• Action Gitanes (1999) (France) (theatrical) (re-release)
• Columbia TriStar Home Video (1999) (UK) (DVD)
• Universal Pictures Benelux (1999) (Netherlands) (VHS)
• Universal Pictures (1999) (Germany) (DVD)
• Universal Pictures (1999) (Germany) (VHS)
• Universal Studios Home Video (1999) (USA) (VHS)
• Universal Pictures (Spain) (2003) (Spain) (DVD)
• Universal Pictures Benelux (2003) (Netherlands) (DVD)
• Universal Pictures (2005) (UK) (DVD) (Special Edition)
• Universal Pictures Benelux (2007) (Netherlands) (DVD)
• Asociace Ceských Filmových Klubu (ACFK) (2009) (Czech Republic) (theatrical) (subtitled)
• Universal (2010) (UK) (theatrical) (re-release)
• Sony Pictures Home Entertainment (2008) (Greece) (DVD)

Other Companies

• Phoenix Film Office  special thanks (uncredited)

Also Known As:

Wimpy (USA) (fake working title)

Runtime:

109 min | Germany:108 min (cut)

Country:

USA

Language:

English

Color:

Black and White

Aspect Ratio:

1.85 : 1

Sound Mix:

Mono (Westrex Recording System)

Certification:

Chile:14 (re-rating) | Chile:18 (original rating) | Germany:12 (re-rating) (2006) | Portugal:M/12 | West Germany:16 (original rating) | Netherlands:12 | Iceland:16 | Finland:K-16 (cut) (1960) | Finland:K-16 (cut) (1965) | Finland:K-16 (uncut) (1969) | South Korea:15 | Brazil:14 | Czech Republic:U | New Zealand:R16 | USA:TV-PG (TV rating) | Canada:G (Quebec) | Argentina:13 (re-rating) | Argentina:16 (original rating) | Australia:M | Canada:13+ (Quebec) | Canada:18 (Nova Scotia) | Canada:PG (Manitoba/Ontario) | France:-12 (re-release) | France:-16 | Israel:16 | Norway:15 | Norway:16 (1960) | Peru:14 | Spain:13 | Sweden:15 | Switzerland:16 (re-release) | UK:15 (video rating) (1986) | UK:X (original rating) | USA:Approved (certificate #19564) (original rating) | USA:M (re-rating) (1968) | USA:R (re-rating) (1984)

Filming Locations:

4270 Lankershim Boulevard, North Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, USA

Company:

Shamley Productions

Trivia:

Ranked #14 on the AFI 100 Years... 100 Movies 10th Anniversary Edition, up 4 places from #18 in 1997.

Goofs:

Continuity: In the hotel at the start of the film, Sam sits with his arms outstretched. In the close-up of Sam, the towel has moved across to his right though he hasn't yet moved his arms.

Quotes:

[first lines]
Sam Loomis: You never did eat your lunch, did you?
Marion Crane: I better get back to the office. These extended lunch hours give my boss a sexist asset.
Sam Loomis: Why don't you call your boss and tell him you're taking the rest of the afternoon off? Its Friday, anyway - and hot.
Marion Crane: What do I do with my free afternoon? Walk you to the airport?

Movie Connections:

Referenced in The Perfect Scary Movie (2005) (TV)

Movie At The Crossroads Of Time

What can you say about a film that's been talked about to death? Just this: If you've never seen it, you owe it to yourself to do so, not because it's a way of paying homage to the one true master of modern film, but because it's so fun to watch.

Janet Leigh plays a bored office drone who decides to steal some loot from her boss's obnoxious client and parlay it into a new life with her all-too-distant boyfriend. All is going more or less according to plan until she stops in at the wrong motel, where she befriends a friendly if somewhat nerdy desk clerk only to find it causes problems with that clerk's possessive mother, who as her boy explains, "is not herself today." I'll say she isn't, and so would Leigh's Marion Crane, who maybe should have put up that "Do-Not-Disturb" sign before taking a shower.

You can feel the decade literally shifting out of '50s and into '60s with this one. Even the opening shot, where the camera looks over a Western U.S. city in the middle of the afternoon and zooms in on what looks exactly like the Texas School Book Depository overlooking Dealey Plaza. Norman Rockwell touches abound, like the decor of the motel, but look at what's going on around it. People dress well, they still wear fedoras and jackets, but in their tense conversations and hooded gazes you can feel the culture just ticking away like a time bomb waiting to explode.

Most especially, there's Anthony Perkins, who plays motel clerk Norman Bates in a very oddly naturalistic way, complete with facial tics and half-swallowed words, not the polished image one expected to see then. Just compare him with John Gavin, who plays Marion's boyfriend in the standard-actor-of-the-day way. Perkins manages to be so weirdly magnetizing, even in small moments like the way he stumbles on the word "falsity" or notes how creepy he finds dampness to be.

He shines in bigger scenes, too, like his tense chat with Martin Balsam's boorish but diligent private detective character, Arbogast, who along with Perkins and Leigh delivers a landmark performance. The way both actors play out the awkwardness in their conversation makes you literally sweat. Then again, you're always uneasy around Norman. You definitely feel wary of him right away, but you find yourself liking him, too, even when he's busy covering up "Mother's" misdeeds. Not since Bela Legosi played Dracula did you get a horror movie with such a compelling central figure.

If you are sampling the many other comments here, be sure to look up Merwyn Grote's. He makes an interesting, compelling case for how director Alfred Hitchcock used his television series as a template for "Psycho." Certainly "Psycho" looks more like early 1960s television than any of the more sumptuous fare Hitchcock had been bringing to screen at the time. Not only is it in black-and-white, not color, but the sets; a ramshackle motel, a mothbally old house, a couple of cheap looking bedrooms, a bathroom in a used-car dealership, are deliberately low class.

It's thrilling to see Hitchcock move so effectively outside his normal element, and move things along with such clinical detachment and low-key technical finesse. Thrilling, too, to realize this is one of his most accomplished products; made by a man who was experienced enough to know how the game was played, and daring enough still to break the rules; indeed, start a whole new ballgame.

Is it the best Hitchcock movie? It's definitely one of his best, right up there with "The 39 Steps" and "Strangers On A Train" and "Sabotage" and "Shadow Of A Doubt." He only once again came close to making as good a film, with "The Birds," while Janet Leigh and Anthony Perkins never escaped the greatness they helped create here. Poor John Gavin had to quit the biz entirely, and became an ambassador.

Often imitated, parodied, referenced, and analyzed to death, "Psycho" still isn't played out nearly 45 years after it came out. You owe it to yourself to pay a visit to the Bates Motel; Norman has a room ready.